While Duckett and Phil Salt got England off to another flyer with a stand of 60 in 6.2 overs, they once again struggled to keep going and became bogged down by spin after the powerplay, with Tom Banton on his first England appearance since January 2022 the joint top-scorer with 38 off 41 balls.
Salt was also undone by Arshdeep's variation although Banton, whose inclusion in England's Champions Trophy squad as an injury replacement for Jacob Bethell was ratified by the International Cricket Council on Wednesday, had an eventful stay in his first 50-over match since August 2020.
England signed off a miserable white-ball tour of India with a 3-0 one-day international series whitewash defeat and major concerns about an injury to Ben Duckett ahead of the Champions Trophy.
Adil Rashid took four wickets for 64 runs to stunt the charge from 226 for two while Mark Wood also impressed, despite briefly being out of commission because of heat exhaustion after England again won the toss.
Duckett tweaked his groin towards the end of India's 356 all out as a patched-up England missing pace trio Jofra Archer, Brydon Carse and Jamie Overton due to niggles toiled in sweltering conditions.
