Other women recognised for their positive impact include cyclist Laura Kenny (10 per cent), astronaut Sally Ride (10 per cent), and boxer Nicola Adams (nine per cent).
People were more likely to recognise Lara Croft (63 per cent) or even Dora the Explorer (59 per cent) than Jane Goodall (22 per cent).
The findings, conducted via OnePoll, revealed 82 per cent were aware of the life and times of Charles Darwin, and 75 per cent knew the name of Marco Polo.
“This fascinating woman was one of the first female mountaineers and trailblazing adventurers, who inspired so many generations of women that came after her, yet, only three per cent of Brits can recognise her.
Research of 2,000 adults found 20 per cent were encouraged to do something new after learning about the amazing feats of Amelia Earhart, who became the first woman to fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean.