The NHS is cautioning that during this time of year, it might be easy to confuse flu symptoms with those of a rare condition. Addison's disease, also called primary adrenal insufficiency or hypoadrenalism, is a rare disorder affecting the adrenal glands.
The adrenal glands, located on top of the kidneys, are small but vital organs that produce two essential hormones: cortisol and aldosterone. This condition arises when the outer layer of the adrenal glands (the adrenal cortex) is damaged, leading to reduced hormone production.
The NHS highlights that the symptoms of Addison's disease can often resemble other, more common illnesses. They explain: "In its early stages, symptoms of Addison's disease can mimic those of other conditions, such as clinical depression or the flu.". You may experience:.
The NHS explains: "Addison's disease is usually the result of a problem with the immune system, which causes it to attack the outer layer of the adrenal gland (the adrenal cortex), disrupting the production of the steroid hormones aldosterone and cortisol.
"It's not clear why this happens, but it's responsible for 70% to 90% of cases in the UK. Other potential causes include conditions that can damage the adrenal glands, such as tuberculosis (TB), although this is uncommon in the UK.". Experts advise that lifelong medication is necessary to replace the deficient hormones in Addison's disease. With appropriate treatment, symptoms can be effectively managed, allowing many individuals to maintain an active lifestyle with minimal restrictions.
