During the press conference, his first at Bute House as first minister, Mr Swinney also said the UK government's decision to cut the foreign aid budget to increase defence spending was "short-sighted".
Mr Swinney singled out Mr Farage, saying: "There is a very live and active threat to our security from the aggression of Russia and I think Farage is an accomplice to the Russian agenda and an apologist for the Russian agenda.
In response, Mr Swinney said: "I understand the importance the prime minister attaches to increasing expenditure to ensure that we can deal with the threats that we face as a society, but I think the choices that are being made about slashing international aid are the wrong choices.
Scotland's first minister has accused Nigel Farage of being "an accomplice to the Russian agenda" as he revealed plans for a summit to "draw a line in the sand" to counter the rise of far-right politics.
"And I'm simply making the point today that it's important that those of us who are repulsed by the politics of Farage and the far right come together to give the leadership and stress the importance of the values that we hold dear about our society.".
